This panel brings together trailblazing film producers from France and the United States to explore how producing first and second feature films raises shared challenges, including access to financing, risk management, and the balance between creative ambition and market expectations. While France relies on robust public funding and institutional support, the U.S. system is more market-driven, offering greater flexibility but fewer safety nets. By comparing these approaches, this conversation examines questions of sustainability, talent development, and the role producers play in backing emerging filmmakers within distinct economic and cultural contexts. This conversation is organized in collaboration with French in Motion and Gotham Film & Media Institute.